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Wednesday, May 18, 2011

How to Make Homemade Chocolate

Making homemade chocolate can be a long process, and it may take many tries and a lot of patience. There are no right or wrong recipes, and a combination of many different ingredients may be used to obtain the desired taste, but practice makes perfect-and the payout makes the hard work well worth it.

Instructions



things you'll need:

  • 8 oz. good-quality chocolate (semi-sweet, bittersweet or a combination)
  • 1/2 cup cream
  • 1-2 tablespoons of your favorite liqueur or extract
  • 4-6 oz.good-quality bittersweet chocolate (for coating)
  • nuts, cocoa, or other coating (optional)
  • space in refrigerator
  • parchment paper or wax paper
  • baking sheet
  • melon baller (optional)
  • powder-free latex gloves (optional)
    • 1
      Roughly chopped chocolate.
      First you will make the filling by combining the 1/2 cup of cream and 8 oz. (usually two bars) of chocolate. You can use bittersweet or semi-sweet chocolate, or a combination of both--it depends on how sweet you want the filling to be. Either way, chop the chocolate roughly.
    • 2

      Next heat the cream gently, over low heat. Just get it hot, and do not let it boil. Take the cream off the heat, then mix the chopped-up chocolate with the cream.
    • 3

      Gently stir the chocolate and cream together. They will not combine right away, but as the chocolate melts they will start to blend.
    • 4

      When the cream and chocolate are combined, you should have a glossy chocolate mixture. This mixture of chocolate and cream is called ganache. Ganache is the basis of most candy fillings, and is an important part of other baking and candy-making as well.
    • 5
      Now add your desired flavoring to the chocolate ganache: 1 to 2 tablespoons of vanilla extract or almond extract; nut- or fruit-flavored liqueur; strongly-brewed coffee; even finely-chopped fruit or nuts can be mixed in. It's really up to you, so go with your favorite flavor combination(s). Taste the mixture and make sure the flavor is in balance with the chocolate, and adjust if necessary.
    • 6
      Transfer the chocolate ganache to a shallow pan or bowl. Refrigerate the chocolate mixture until firm, about an hour.
    • 7

      When the ganache is firm, remove from the fridge. It should have the consistency of clay--almost like chocolate play dough. Using a melon baller or teaspoon, scoop a rounded teaspoon out of the hardened mixture. Use another spoon to get the ball out.
    • 8

      Roll the chocolate between your hands to get it into a rough ball shape. It doesn't have to be perfect. Work fast, since the ganache will soften as it gets warmer! Gloves can help keep the ball cool, as well as making cleanup easier.
    • 9

      At this point, you may choose to finish the chocolates simply by rolling them in your desired coating: cocoa powder, coconut, and finely-chopped nuts all work. Put the coating in a a shallow dish, and throw the ball of chocolate directly into the coating. Holding the rim of the container, shake it to roll the ball around and coat the chocolate completely.
      Note that if you complete the coating like this, you will not be able to coat the filling with hard chocolate.
    • 10
      Top to bottom: unfinished, nut-coated, and cocoa-covered candies.
      Whether you have coated them or not, place the completed chocolate ganache balls on a cookie sheet lined with wax or parchment paper. Refrigerate until firm, about 30 minutes.
    • 11
      If the chocolates are already finished, stack them in an airtight container, placing waxed paper between the layers.
      If are making chocolate-covered candies, you will now take the firm balls of ganache and coat them in melted chocolate.
    • 12
      The key phrase in melting chocolate is "gentle." There are several methods you can use. One is to put the chocolate in a glass container and microwave for 30 second intervals, stirring between each interval. The more traditional method is to melt the chocolate using a double boiler. An alternate method (suggested by Alton Brown) is to place the container with the chocolate on top of a heating pad. Whatever method you use, don't rush it. Let the chocolate melt slowly and gently.
    • 13

      When the chocolate is completely melted, you are ready to coat the chocolate candies. Use a large spoon to scoop up some melted chocolate, and roll the ganache ball around in it until it is completely covered. Go for a *thin* layer of chocolate, and work quickly so the melted chocolate does not get cold. Gloves help here, too, though it is going to be a messy job no matter what.
    • 14
      Place each coated chocolate on a baking sheet covered in parchment of waxed paper. If desired, dust with cocoa, coconut, or finely-chopped nuts.
    • 15
      The finished product.
      Refrigerate until the coating is firm, about 30 minutes. Store in sealed container, using wax or parchment paper between layers of chocolates. Chocolate candies may also be frozen.



CHOCOLATE



Chocolate is a raw or processed food produced from the seed of the tropical Theobroma cacao tree. Cacao has been cultivated for at least three millennia in Mexico, Central and South America, with its earliest documented use around 1100 BC. The majority of the Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as xocolātl, a Nahuatl word meaning "bitter water". The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste, and must be fermented to develop the flavor.

After fermentation, the beans are dried, then cleaned, and then roasted, and the shell is removed to produce cacao nibs. The nibs are then ground to cocoa mass, pure chocolate in rough form. Because this cocoa mass usually is liquefied then molded with or without other ingredients, it is called chocolate liquor. The liquor also may be processed into two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter. Unsweetened baking chocolate (bitter chocolate) contains primarily cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions. Much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, combining cocoa solids, cocoa butter or other fat, and sugar. Milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. White chocolate contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk but no cocoa solids.

Cocoa solids contain alkaloids such as theobromine and phenethylamine, which have physiological effects on the body. It has been linked to serotonin levels in the brain. Some research found that chocolate, eaten in moderation, can lower blood pressure.[1] The presence of theobromine renders chocolate toxic to some animals,[2] especially dogs and cats.

Chocolate has become one of the most popular food types and flavors in the world. Gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes have become traditional on certain holidays: chocolate bunnies and eggs are popular on Easter, chocolate coins on Hanukkah, Santa Claus and other holiday symbols on Christmas, and chocolate hearts or chocolate in heart-shaped boxes on Valentine's Day. Chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, to produce chocolate milk and hot chocolate. Around three quarters of the world's cacao bean production takes place in West Africa.